The location of the actors and production, transformation, commercials and distribution facilities make up the configuration of the supply chain (SC) which governs logistic flows. Fresh food consumers demand better organoleptic properties and a greater variety, however the perishable nature of fresh food makes logistics and their quality management difficult. In developing countries, post-harvest losses often exceed 50%. It is estimated that one third of food production worldwide is wasted or damaged. In the perishable food supply chains (PFSC) there are continuous changes in the quality of the product from the moment it leaves the farm until it reaches the consumer, generating losses. The information to the model parameterization was obtained through surveys done to the actors of the different echelons of PFrSC during a 4-year period that were complemented with secondary information from public and private enterprises. The model is applied in a case study around the perishable fruit supply chains (PFrSC). It is solved in AMPL through e-constrains method. The model considers the losses in perishable food derived from the impacts caused by changes in temperature (T°) and relative humidity (RH), on a mountainous environment of developing countries. The model allows determining the best configuration so that the different actors of the PFSC, so that could move closer to more efficient borders. In this article, a multiobjective, multiproduct and multi-echelon for perishable food logistics networks design mixed linear programming model is presented.

In this context, the modeling In PFSC presents big challenges such as the inclusion of delivery times, losses and fresh food biophysical specific conditions which depend of the transport time and storage, the configuration and the number of echelons on the PFSC.

For the access, must be include the largest number of retailed storekeepers, thus monopolies from large hypermarkets are avoided. In the PFSC losses are highest, whereby the delivery times must be low to guarantee the availability. The supply chains of perishable food (PFSC) fresh, present imbalances between supply and demand, in times of supply deficit is necessary to guarantee the food security through the availability, the access and other pillars.

Perishable food